Furnace oil is a distilled fraction of crude oil and is referred to as a liquid fuel used for burning in furnaces, boilers, or power generation engines. Furnace oil is a cut from crude oil, and its flash point is approximately 40 degrees Celsius. It is composed of long-chain hydrocarbons, especially alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics, and it falls into the category of heavy industrial fuels, being heavier than diesel and lighter than heavy fuel oil. The chain length of produced furnace oil varies depending on its intended use. For example, furnace oil for diesel fuel is composed of hydrocarbons with chain lengths ranging from C10 to C20, and it can have one of the following structures:
C14H30 - C15H32 - C16H34 - C17H36 - C18H38 - C19H40 - C20H42
Alternatively,
Furnace oil or mazut is one of the petroleum hydrocarbons obtained during the purification stages of crude oil, after ether, gasoline, and kerosene. It is also known as black oil due to its dark color. This substance is the most affordable combustible material used in furnaces, bath heaters, bakery ovens, diesel engines, and some power plants.
Iran produces Mazut in grades M180, M280, and M380.
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